First, the use of precautions1. When using, adjust and maintain according to the maintenance methods and various regulations described in the corresponding product manual.2. It is not allowed to work at full speed and full load immediately after starting. It must be gradually
transitioned from low speed and no load to high speed full load.
3. The fuel used in the diesel engine must be clean and should be allowed to stand for more than 72 hours.
4. The normal water temperature (75 °C ~ 95 °C) should be maintained for the diesel engine with radiator. When releasing the cooling water, you must first open the radiator cover (after the water temperature is lowered, then open it to avoid burns), and then unscrew the water discharge switch on the cylinder block.
5. The normal working oil pressure should be 0.2~0.4MPa.
6, the load must be strictly controlled, no overload is allowed, otherwise it will affect the reliability and service life of the diesel engine.
7. After the new or replacement injector, the medium-speed low-load running-in should be carried out, and the running-in time should not be less than 30 minutes. Before installation, the parts should be cleaned with clean kerosene or light diesel oil to remove anti-rust oil.
8. In the course of operation, if abnormal phenomena are found, stop in time.
Second, fuel, oil and cooling water
1. Fuel Users should select the light diesel grades to be used according to the season and ambient temperature of the region. Recommendation: Use diesel fuel with a sulfur content below 0.5%. If the sulfur content is high, the oil change cycle will be shortened.
Diesel filling and precautions Before the diesel engine is injected into the diesel engine, it must be allowed to stand for more than 72 hours, then the upper layer of clean diesel oil without water and impurities or filtered with silk cloth.
Warning:
(1) Do not fill fuel tank with fuel while the engine is running.
(2) Do not smoke when filling the fuel tank with diesel fuel.
(3) Use a clean oil pipe when refueling. Do not splash diesel oil outside.
(4) Wipe off the spilled fuel. Materials that are fueled must be moved to a safe place.
2. Lubricating oil The oil must be selected according to the regulations. The viscosity of the oil is greatly affected by the temperature, and the user needs to correctly select the corresponding brand oil according to the ambient temperature.
3.cooling water should use clean soft water: rain, tap water or river water. If you use well water, spring water or other hard water with more minerals, you should add appropriate amount of softener, such as sodium carbonate (soda). The easiest way to do this is to boil the water and then precipitate it to remove impurities and use. In the cold winter, antifreeze can be added to the cooling system to prevent freezing. The most commonly used antifreeze is an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol (glycol) or alcohol. The use of antifreeze should be noted: Since the antifreeze has the characteristics of increasing volume with increasing temperature, when adding the cooling medium, the addition amount should be 5% to 6% less than the total capacity of the cooling system. Ethylene glycol - water-based antifreeze is toxic, special care should be taken when using it, and no entry is allowed. The boiling point of ethylene glycol is 194.4 ° C, so the water in the antifreeze is easy to evaporate, and the alcohol should be properly added after a period of use. If it is not anti-rust antifreeze, it should be removed regularly. When the diesel engine is used for a long time, the surface of the cooling water chamber will form scale, which will affect the heat dissipation of the diesel engine. For this reason, the scale should be cleaned regularly. The cleaning method is as follows: When cleaning, 25% hydrochloric acid solution can be injected into the water chamber and parked for 10 minutes. After that, the solution was drained and washed with water. If the scale is not removed, repeat it again
Cooling water filling and precautions:
(1) Fill the cooling water to the mark of the filling port.
(2) Note that the drain valve is closed after the cooling water flows out from the drain valve.
(3) Tighten the filler cap.
(4) Start the engine and run to normal temperature until the thermostat is turned on (the cooling water pipe is obviously warmed up during the big cycle). (5) After the first operation, stop cooling and check the liquid level.
Inspection and preparation before starting
1. When the new machine is started for the first time, carefully check the tight connection of each part, whether the attachment is complete, and whether the operating mechanism is flexible.
2. Check the oil level of the oil pan and the fuel injection pump between the upper limit mark and the lower limit mark of the oil scale.
3. Check the fuel storage capacity of the fuel tank. Turn on the fuel tank switch to allow diesel to flow to the fuel injection pump and remove air from the fuel system.
4. Check the battery and wiring. Check the electrolyte level in the battery.
5. Check the cooling system and add enough water.
6. In case of cold and freezing weather, the diesel engine should be placed in a cold-proof place. When working in the field, heat the oil sump and add two or three times of hot water to warm the diesel engine before starting.
7. The clutch should be in the separated state when the diesel engine starts.
Startup After the preparation work before starting is completed and confirmed to meet the requirements, it can be started. The clutch should be disengaged when starting. The starting steps are as follows:
1. Push the lock switch to start the diesel engine. The starting time is less than 5 seconds each time to protect the starter and battery. After each failed start, stop for 1-2 minutes and start again. If the start fails three times in a row, you should find out the cause and troubleshoot before starting again. Once the diesel engine is started, the starter switch key should be released immediately and the lock switch should be returned to its original position.
2. Check the oil pressure immediately after starting. When the diesel engine is running at idle speed, the oil pressure should not be lower than 0.05MPa. After the newly assembled diesel engine is started for 5 minutes, stop the oil level of the oil pan and check if necessary, add oil so that the oil level is between the upper and lower marks on the oil scale.
3. Within one minute after starting the diesel engine, the water temperature gauge should be checked immediately to confirm that the cooling system is working properly.
V. Operation After the diesel engine is started, the full-load operation should not be carried out immediately. The diesel engine should be heated in the idle mode at low speed and medium speed.
1. When operating, always pay attention to the oil pressure and cooling water temperature. When the speed is calibrated, the oil pressure should be 0.2~0.4MPa (2~4kgf/cm)
2. The temperature of the cooling water outlet is controlled at 80-90 °C.
3. When the diesel engine is running, always pay attention to observe whether the reading on the instrument panel is normal, whether there is abnormal sound. If it is found, it should be stopped immediately to check and find the cause and then allow it to start and run again.
4, always pay attention to the sealing of the oil and water connections, if there is a leak, it should be immediately removed.
5. The charging generator must be charged to the battery during operation, and the ammeter pointer points to “+”.
6. New or overhauled diesel engines are allowed to run at full speed at full speed after 50 to 100 hours of operation.
Small roller parking
1. Remove the load and gradually reduce the speed to idling for 3 to 5 minutes before parking.
2. When the temperature is lower than 5 °C, if antifreeze is not used, the cooling water should be drained in time after parking to prevent cracking of the body.
3. After each stop, the faults found during operation must be discharged in time, and necessary inspections should be carried out. The diesel engine should be inspected and maintained frequently, and some sporadic faults should be eliminated in time to keep the diesel engine working properly and avoid serious faults. The necessary conditions for good economic returns.
Daily maintenance of small road roller:
(in combination with inspection preparation work), the driver usually carries out maintenance every day; check the fuel tank fuel quantity and add enough; check the oil level in the oil sump, when it is insufficient, it should be added; check and eliminate leakage and leakage Oil and gas leakage; check the stability of each accessory device; check the liquid level of the water tank.